山东省淄博市2019年中考英语试题（word解析版）

秘密★启用前试卷类型：A淄博市2019年初中学业水平考试英语试题本试题分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共10页，满分90分，考试时间100分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将区县、毕业学校、姓名、考试号、序号填写在答题卡的相应位置，并核对监考教师粘贴的考号条形码是否与本人信息一致。2.第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，答案不能写在试卷上。3.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案。4.答案不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带修改，不安以上要求作答的答案无效。第Ⅰ卷(选择题共42分)一、完形填空(共10小题，满分10分)阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C、D中选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。Forthousandsofyears，peoplefarmedtheland.Theygrewfruitsandvegetables.Theyhuntedandfishedformeat.They1cloth，dyes(染料)andpaperfromplants.Theyusedstoneandmetalforweaponsandtools.Peopleprogressedtomakingmachinespowered2waterandsteam(蒸汽)，andevenlater，bycoal，oil，andpetrol.Largecitieswerebuilt.Factories3ofmachinescreatedjobsinthecitiesforthousandsofpeople.TheIndustrialRevolution(工业革命)changedthelivesofmanypeoplebecause，forthefirsttime，morepeoplelivedincitiesthanon4.Companiesbuiltpowerplants(工厂)tomake5torunthemachines，factoriesandcities.Peopledidnotrealizetheseactivitieswere6theEarth.Theydidn'trealizebow7oil，gas，coalandmineralswerebeingusedup.8citiesgrewbiggerandspreadacrosstheland.plantsandanimalsbegantodisappear.Theirnaturehomesweredestroyed(破坏)aspeoplemovedintonewplaces.Astimepassed，peoplebeganto9theneedtoprotecttheEarthanditsnaturalresources(资源).Theysawthatplantsandanimalsneededprotection，sotheywouldn'tdisappearforever.Peoplejoinedtogethertotell10aroundtheworldtoconserve(节约)ournaturalresourcesandcarefortheEarth.Andso.EarthDaywasborn.Eachyear，moreandmorepeopletakepartinEarthDay.Whatcanyoudotohelp?1.A.separated B.washed C.made D.mixed2.A.as B.for C.with D.by3.A.full B.proud C.sick D.short4.A.mountains B.rivers C.grasslands D.farms5.A.metal B.water C.electricity D.oil6.A.helping B.harming C.wasting D.losing7.A.clearly B.hardly C.quickly D.slowly8.A.Before B.If C.As D.Though9.A.forget B.see C.remember D.get10.A.them B.other C.another D.others二、阅读理解(共16小题，满分32分)阅读短文A、B，并做每篇后面的题目，从每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出能完成所给句子或问题的最佳答案。ALikeyou，plantsneedgoodthingslikefood，water，andmineralsinordertogrow.Usuallytheygettheseimportantnutrients(营养)fromtherichsoil(土壤)inwhichthey'replanted.Butthere'sanotherwaytogrowplantsthatdoesn'tusesoil.It'scalledhydrogenicgardening.“Hydrogenic”means“workingwithwater.”Inahydrogenicgarden，plantsgrowwiththeirrootsinwater，notindirt.Thewaterisfilledwithspecialfoodfortheplantsthatgardenershavecarefullymeasuredandprepared.Hydrogenicplantsgrowquickly.Inordinarygardens，plantsneedtimeandenergytogrowlongrootsthatsearchthesoilforfoodandwater.Inahydrogenicgarden，plantscanusetheirenergytogrowtallinstead.Andbecausethereisnosoil，therearenoweedsandfewinsectpests(害虫).Gardenersdon'tneedtospray(喷洒)plantswithdangerouschemicals.Boththeplantsandtheenvironmentstayhealthy.Scientistshopethat，oneday，hydrogenicgardensmaybeabletohelphungrypeopleallovertheworldgrowenoughfood-evenincountriesthathavebadsoil，orweatherthatistoohot，toocold，ortoodry.AndastronautshopetotakehydrogenicgardenswiththemtothespaceshiptheyflytoMars，sothattheywillalwayshavefreshvegetables，andthefunofgrowingagardenwithoutdirt.11.What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“dirt”inthesecondparagraph?A.soilB.waterC.insectD.food12.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Plantsneedwaterandothernutrientstogrow.B.Therearenoweedsinhydrogenicgardens.C.Hydrogenicplantscannotgrowintoohotweather.D.Astronautshopetotakehydrogenicgardenstospace.13.What'sthepassageabout?A.Plantgrowing.B.Spacefarming.C.Scientificwatering.D.hydrogenicgardening.BCanyouimaginewalkingin，sittingnexttoastrangerandaskingforthelatestnewsorputtingarecentnoveldownnexttosomeone'scoffeeandaskingfortheiropinionbeforegivingyours?Butmorethan300yearsago，thiskindofbehaviourwasencouragedinthousandsofcoffeehousesalloverLondon.In1712，theStarbuckssite(位置)todaywasoccupied(占据)byButton'scoffeehouseInside，poets，writersandmembersofthepublicgatheredaroundlongwoodentablesdrinking，thinking，writinganddiscussingliteratureintothenight.Onthewall，nearwheretheStarbuckscommunitynoticeboardnowstands，wasthewhitemarble(大理石)headofalionwithwide-openmouth.Thepublicwasinvitedtofeeditwithlettersandstories.Thebestofthelion'sdigest(文摘)werepublishedinaweeklyeditionofJosephAddison'sGuardiannewspaper，named“theroaringofthelion”.Today，fewpeopleknowButton's.It'sjustoneofLondon'sforgottencoffeehouses.London'sfirstcoffeehousewasopenedbyaGreeknamedPasqueRoseein1652.WhileaservantforaBritishmerchantinTurkey，Roseedevelopedatastefortheexotic(异国情调的)Turkishdrinkanddecidedtoimport(进口)ittoLondon.Peoplefromallwalksoflifecametohisbusinesstomeet，greet，drink，think，write，andjoke.14.Wherewasthewhitemarblelionhead?_____A.InthebackyardoftheStarbucks.B.OntheButton'slongwoodentables.C.InJosephAddison'sGuardiannewspaper.D.OnthewallofButton'scoffeehouse.15.Howoftenwas“theroaringofthelion”published?____A.EverydayB.Everyweek.C.EverymonthD.Everyyear16.WhatkindofcoffeedidPasqueRoseeimporttoLondon?____A.Turkishcoffee.B.Blackcoffee.C.WhitecoffeeD.Sweetcoffee.17.Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromthepassage？____A.Peoplecouldhardlyfoundacoffeehousein1712inLond