精品解析：2022年山东省青岛市中考英语真题（解析版）

2022年青岛市初中学业水平考试英语试题（考试时间:100分钟满分:90分）说明:1.本试卷分为第I卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共六大题。第I卷包含单项选择、完形填空和阅读，共35小题；第Ⅱ卷包含词汇运用A、B，阅读表达A、B和书面表达。2.所有题目均在答题卡上作答，在试题上作答无效。第I卷（满分40分）I.单项选择（本题10小题，每小题1分，共10分）从每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。1.—Whois__________womaninthephoto?—TuYouyou,agreatscientist.A.a B.the C./ D.an【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——照片中的女人是谁？——屠呦呦，一位伟大的科学家。考查冠词的用法。根据“inthephoto”可知，此处是特指照片中的女人，用定冠词the。故选B。2.BingDwenDwenandShueyRhonRhonexpress__________bestwishestotheworld—TogetherforaSharedFuture.A.they B.them C.their D.themselves【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：冰墩墩和雪容融向世界表达了它们最美好的祝愿——携手共创未来。考查代词辨析。they他/她/它们，人称代词主格；them他/她/它们，人称代词宾格；their他/她/它们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves他/她/它们自己，反身代词。wishes是名词，应用形容词性物主代词their修饰。故选C。3.—MayIgoboatingwithmyclassmatesthisweekend?—Ofcourse,butyou__________swimintheriver!A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.wouldn’t D.couldn’t【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——这个周末我可以和我同学去划船吗？——当然可以，但你不能在河里游泳！考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不需要；wouldn’t不会；couldn’t不能。根据“butyou...swimintheriver!”可知在河里游泳是被禁止的，故选A。4.WeareproudthatChinahassuccessfullysentastronauts__________spaceseveraltimes.A.into B.over C.above D.onto【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我们为中国多次成功地将宇航员送入太空而感到骄傲。考查介词辨析。into进入；over在……（正）上方；above在……上方；onto向，朝。固定短语sendsthinto“把某物发送到”。故选A。5.—Droppinglitterisreally__________toourenvironment.—Ithinkso.Weshouldputitintheproperbins.A.meaningless B.helpful C.friendly D.harmful【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——扔垃圾对我们的环境真的有害。——我想是的。我们应该把它放在合适的垃圾箱里。考查形容词辨析。meaningless没有意义的；helpful有帮助的；friendly友好的；harmful有伤害的。根据“Droppinglitter”可知扔垃圾对环境有害，故选D。6.Tomyouhaven’tchangedatall—youstilllook__________thesame.A.especially B.exactly C.possibly D.hardly【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：汤姆，你一点都没变，你看起来还是一样的。考查副词辨析。especially尤其；exactly恰好，确切地；possibly可能地；hardly几乎不。根据“youhaven’tchangedatall”可知，此处表示“恰好，正是”，用副词exactly修饰“thesame”。故选B。7.—Lucy,let’smakecarrotdumplingsfordinner.—Greatidea!I’ll__________thecarrots.A.putaway B.cutoff C.cutup D.putdown【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——露西，晚饭我们做胡萝卜饺子吧。——好主意！我要把胡萝卜切碎。考查动词短语。putaway收好；cutoff切断，切掉；cutup切碎；putdown写下。根据“makecarrotdumplings”可知，做饺子应该把胡萝卜切碎。故选C。8.Asapoliceman,Tom’sfatheristoobusytoplaywithhim__________heexpectsto.A.eventhough B.sothat C.assoonas D.aslongas【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：作为一名警察，汤姆的父亲太忙了，没有时间和他一起玩，尽管他想和他一起玩。考查连词辨析。eventhough尽管；sothat以便；assoonas一……就……；aslongas只要。根据“Tom’sfatheristoobusytoplaywithhim...heexpectsto.”可知前后句是让步关系，应用eventhough引导让步状语从句，故选A。9.Ifpeopleuselesswaterandplantmoretrees,Ibelievetherewillbeless__________.A.progress B.pleasure C.pollution D.production【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：如果人们少用水，多种树，我相信污染会更少。考查名词辨析。progress进步；pleasure愉悦；pollution污染；production生产。根据“Ifpeopleuselesswaterandplantmoretrees”可知人们使用更少的水，种植更多的树，污染也会更少，故选C。10.—Iamnewhere.Canyoutellme__________myclassmates?—Trytobewarm-heartedandreadytohelpothers.A.whereIcangetonwellwith B.whetherIcangetonwellwithC.whenIcangetonwellwith D.howIcangetonwellwith【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——我是新来的。你能告诉我怎样才能和同学相处好吗？——要热心并乐于助人。考查宾语从句。根据“Trytobewarm-heartedandreadytohelpothers.”可知此处是问如何才能和同学相处好，应用how引导宾语从句，故选D。Ⅱ.完形填空（本题10小题，每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。RespectingteachershasalwaysbeenatraditioninChina.YangShiwasaphilosopher（哲学家）intheNorthernSongDynasty.Oneday,heandhisschoolmateshaddifferentopinionsonaquestion.Togeta___11___answer,hewenttovisitChengYi,thefamousphilosopher.AtCheng’shouse,___12___,theguardingkidtoldhimthatMr.Chengwasmeditating（冥想）inhisroomandaskedhimtogoback.Yang___13___toleave,sothelittleboylefthimaloneandwentin.Afterawhile,itbegantosnow___14___.ThelittleboycameoutagainandremindedYangthatMr.Chengmightspendthewholeafternoonmeditating.HeinvitedYangto___15___himselfinthehousetoavoidthewindandsnow.ButYangkeptstandinginthesnowandwaitingoutsideinorderthathecouldaskCheng’s___16___onthequestion.AssoonasChengfinishedmeditating,theboyreportedthatYangwaswaitingoutside.When___17___this,ChengcameouttoseeYang.Whenthedoorwasopened,everyonewas___18___.Thesnowwasmorethanafootdeep,butYangstoodstill,___19___movinghisfeet.“Youngman,whyareyousosilly?Youcouldhavecomeagainsomeday!”ChengtookYangtotheroomatonce.“Asastudent…ifIwanttolearnfromtheteacher…Ishould…ofcourse…respectfullywaitoutside…”saidYang,shakingwithcold.ChengwasveryhappyandacceptedYangashisstudentbecauseofYang’spolitenessandefforttolearn.HetaughtYangallhisphilosophicalthoughts.Thatmadeabig___20___toYang’slife.Later,Yangreallylearnedalotandmadegreatcontributions（贡献）tohiscountry.11.A.similar B.correct C.wrong D.difficult12.A.besides B.however C.anyway D.instead13.A.hoped B.agreed C.refused D.wanted14.A.heavily B.early C.deeply D.wisely15.A.warm B.find C.cool D.hide16.A.method B.rule C.record D.opinion17.A.hearing B.seeing C.feeling D.receiving18.A.excited B.relaxed C.shocked D.interested19.A.by B.with C.on D.without20.A.choice B.difference C.decision D.plan【答案】11B12.B13.C14.A15.A16.D17.A18.C19.D20.B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了“程门立雪”的故事。【11题详解】句意：为了得到正确的答案，他去拜访了著名哲学家程颐。similar相似的；correct正确的；wrong错误的；difficult困难的。根据“heandhisschoolmateshaddifferentopinionsonaquestion.”可知，意见不同所以是想要得到正确的答案。故选B。【12题详解】句意：然而，在程的家里，守卫小孩告诉他，程先生正在他的房间里冥想，并请他回去。besides此外；however然而；anyway无论如何；instead代替。根据“theguardingkidtoldhimthatMr.Chengwasmeditating（冥想）inhisroomandaskedhimtogo