Grammar focus

单击此处编辑母版标题样式单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级*单击此处编辑母版标题样式单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级*单击此处编辑母版标题样式单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级*单击此处编辑母版标题样式单击此处编辑母版文本样式第二级第三级第四级第五级*Unit2SectionAGrammarfocus短语动词Grammar短语动词是指英语中有些动词和其他词类一起连用，构成一个固定词组，可看成一个整体，相当于一个单独的动词，这种组合称之为短语动词。★动词+介词此类短语动词可以用作及物动词,后面必须接宾语。Lookattheblackboard,please!请看黑板！此类短语动词还有listento,dependon/upon,lookfor,dealwith,lookafter,takeafter,waitfor等。短语动词的构成基本有下列几种:★动词+副词此类短语动词既可以用作及物动词,也可以用作不及物动词。Igetupveryearlyeverymorning.我每天早晨都很早起床。    注意:当此类短语动词用作及物动词时,如果宾语是名词,可以将其放在短语的后面,也可以放在动词和副词之间；如果宾语是代词,则必须将其放在动词和副词之间。Heputonhisclothesquickly.=Heputhisclothesonquickly.他快速地穿上了衣服。Pleasewakemeupatfivetomorrowmorning.请明天早晨五点钟叫醒我。此类短语动词还有：cleanup,cheerup,giveout,eatup,fixup,giveup,giveaway,handout,helpout,putoff,putup,takeoff等。★动词+副词+介词此类短语动词可以用作及物动词。We’rerunningoutofwater.我们的水快用光了。此类短语动词还有comeupwith,dowellin,lookforwardto,lookdownupon,lookoutof,putupwith等。★动词+名词+介词此类短语动词的意义取决于名词,而不是动词,修饰时不用副词而用形容词。Weshouldtakegoodcareofourparents.我们应该好好照顾我们的父母。此类短语动词还有makeuseof,takepridein,makefriendswith,payattentionto等。4aFillintheblankswiththephrasalverbsinthebox.1.Iwantto____________myplantoworkinananimalhospitaluntilnextsummer.I’mtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear.2.Shehopesto_______atleastfiveprimaryschoolstoaskiftheyneedtovolunteersfortheirafter-schoolprograms.putuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoffputuphandoutcallupcheerupcomeupwithgiveoutputoff3.Ourclassistryingto________someideasto________sickchildrenbecausetheyareoftensad.4.Wedecidedto________signsaroundtheschooland________noticestotellstudentsaboutthebooksale.Wewill________themoneyfromthesaletohomelesspeople.putup张贴；搭建▶Heputupsomesignsaskingforoldbikes.他张贴了一些寻求旧自行车的告示。▶Theyquicklyputupatent.他们迅速地搭建了一个帐篷。Iboughtanicepictureand_______onthewall.A.putupitB.putitupC.putupthemD.putthemup【点拨】选B。代替anicepicture应用代词it,排除C、D两项；putup是“动词+副词”构成的短语动词，代词作宾语时应置于短语中间。putoff推迟；拖延▶Wecan’tputoffmakingaplan.我们不能推迟制订计划。(1)putoff“推迟；拖延”，是由“动词+副词”构成的短语动词，其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。(2)当代词作宾语时，要放在动词和副词中间。类似的短语动词还有：putup,fixup,callup,cheerup,writedown,giveout,handout等。Themeetingisveryimportant.Wecan’t_______.A.putoffitB.putitoffC.putitupD.putitaway【点拨】选B。句意：这次会议非常重要，我们不能推迟。putoff“推迟；拖延”，代词作宾语时，要置于put与off之间。4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.helpmovedomakevisitspendMostpeopletodayareonlyworriedaboutgettinggoodjobs_______lotsofmoney.Intheirfreetime,theythinkaboutwhat_______forfun.However,fewpeoplethinkaboutwhattheycando_________others.Therearemanypeoplewhoarelessluckythanus.Volunteeringourtimetohelpthesepeopleisagoodway________ourfreetime.Forexample,wecanmakeplans__________sickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.Somepeopleevenstopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayear_________toanotherplace,likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeoplethere.4cCompletethesentenceswithyourownideas.Useinfinitives.1.I’dliketovolunteer________________.2.At12:00a.m.,Icalledmyfriend______.3.I’mverybusybutIcouldhelp________.4.Summervacationiscoming,andIwant___________.5.Iwanttotravelalone.Myparentstoldme(not)____________________________.根据句意及括号内的汉语提示,用短语的正确形式填空。1.Can’tyou______________(想出)abetterexcusethanthat?2.Yourdesksaretoodirty.Youshould____________________(打扫它们)atonce.3.Theschoolhas_____________(开办)aspecialclasstohelppoorreaders.thinkupcleanthemupsetup4.Weshouldtryourbestto_______________(使她开心起来).5.Whocan___________________(想出)agoodideaforourparty?6.Theteacher_____________(挂起)aChinesemaponthewalloftheclassroomyesterday.7.Therearesomepeople____________________(分发)papersattheshoppingcentereveryday.cheerherupcomeupwithputupgivingout/handingout 根据汉语意思完成下列句子。1.这房间太脏了,请把它打扫干净。Thisroomistoodirty.Please__________________.2.让我帮你做家务活吧。Letme________you________yourhousework.3.露西,你能帮我把地图张贴到墙上吗？Lucy,couldyouhelpme____________themaponthewall?cleanituphelpwithputup根据句意,从方框中选择正确的短语,并用其正确形式填空。hangoutwritedownhandouttakeafterfixupworkoutaskforrunoutoftakeawayfrom1.Don’tworry.Iwillhelpyou_______yourcomputer.2.Theproblemistoodifficultformeto__________.3.Whoishelpingtheteacher_________thestudents’homework?hangout,writedown,handout,takeafter,fixup,workout,askfor,runoutof,takeawayfromfixupworkouthandout4.Ihavetwochildren.Mysonlookslikemeandmydaughter_________hermother.5.Pleasewaitaminute!I’llgetapento__________yourtelephonenumber.6.Ifyouhaveanyproblems,youcan_______help.hangout,writedown,handout,takeafter,fixup,workout,askfor,runoutof,takeawayfromtakesafterwritedownaskfor7.Thesebooksmustn’t___________________thelibrary.8.Ilike________________________withmyfriendsafterschool.9.Haveyou____________allofyourmoney?hangout,writedown,handout,takeafter,fixup,workout,askfor,runoutof,takeawayfrombetakenawayfromhangingout/tohangoutrunoutof短语动词单项选择1.Youaresohandsome.Ithinkyoumight_______yourfather.A.lookafterB.takeafterC.lookupD.lookfor2.Mypetdogislost.Couldyoupleasehelpme_______?A.lookitforB.lookthemforC.lookforitD.lookforthem3.Thecomputerdoesn’twork.Let’s_______.A.fixupitB.fixitupC.fixupthemD.fixthemup4.Bobcan’tbuyanynewbooksbecausehehas_______hismoney.A.runoutB.runoutofC.ranoutD.ranoutof5.Thetr