八上Units1-10单元知识点小结

新版八年级上册英语第一至五单元知识点小结Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?1.goonvacation度假 vacation相当于holiday，但vacation表示长的假期。2.visitmuseums参观博物馆3.gotosummercamp去参观夏令营4.somethinginteresting有趣的东西5.inexcitement兴奋地1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代词。somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代词。somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地点的不定代词。2）当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时，放于其后；somethingspecial;somewherewonderful.3）不定代词、不定副词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：Iseverybodyhere?大家都到齐了吗？4）something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。如：Didyoudoanythinginteresting?你做了有趣的事吗？（表疑问）Whydon’tyouvisitsomeonewithme?你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢？（表建议）Ifanythinghappens,pleasetellme.如果有事情发生，请告诉我。buysth.forsb.或buysb.sth如：buysomebooksforme.=buymesomebooks.提建议的句子：8.ridebicycles骑自行车①What/howabout+doingsth.?如：What/Howaboutgoingshopping?②Whydon’tyou+dosth.?如：Whydon’tyougoshopping?③Whynot+dosth.?如：Whynotgoshopping?④Let’s+dosth.如：Let’sgoshopping⑤Shallwe/I+dosth.?如：Shallwe/Igoshopping?9.longtimenosee好久不见10.mostofthetime大多数时间enjoyableactivities令人愉快的活动12.tryparagliding尝试滑翔伞运动13.辨析：getto/reach/arrive都是“到达“的意思getto+地点=reach+地点=arriveat+地点（小）=arrivein+地点（大）注意：若他们后面要加地点副词here,there,home等，则不需要加介词。nothing...but...意为“除......之外；只有”，如：IhavenothingtodobutwatchTValldaylong.我整天除了看电视什么也没干。15.feellike意为：“感受到；摸起来”，后跟宾语从句或名词。如：IfeltlikeIwasabird.我感觉我是一只鸟。Itfeelslikeastone.它摸起来像一块石头。另外，构成短语feellikedoingsth.意为“想做某事”。如：Ifeellikeeating.我想吃东西。16.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做…;乐意做…enjoyoneself过得愉快=havefun/haveagoodtime.17.thetopofthehill山顶18.feed(fed)hensandpigs喂鸡和猪19.Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的(n):奇迹；令人惊讶的事情如：Nowonder!难怪；不足为奇！wonder(v)惊讶如：wonderatsth.;wondertodosth.感到疑惑；想知道如：Iwonderwheretheyaregoing.20.few与little的区别：肯定否定quiteafewbuildings许多可数afewfewnotalittlehungryquiteafew/notafew不可数alittlelittlequitealittle/notalittle如：Thereislittlesugarinthebottle.Canyougetsome?Stillnooneseemedtobebored.仍然没有人感到烦闷。1）seem意为“好像；似乎；看来”，是个连系动词，构成的短语有：seemtodosth.好像做某事如：Theyseemtowaitforyou..他们似乎在等你。seem（tobe）+adj.似乎......如：Heseemed(tobe)illyesterday.昨天他似乎病了。Itseemsthat+从句似乎......如：Itseemsthathewasillyesterday.昨天他似乎病了。其他表示状态的系动词有：feel(觉得）;keep（保持）;stay（保持）;look（看来像...）;smell（闻起来）sound（听起来……）taste（尝起来……）2）bored(adj)，意为“感到厌倦的、无聊的”,其主语是某人；boring(adj)，意为“令人厌倦的、无聊的”其主语是某物。如：Igotboredwiththeboringwork.我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦。相类似的词语还有：interested/tired/excited/amazed/surprisedsurprised/tiring/exciting/amazing/surprising22.decide（v）决定decideto(not)dosth.=makeadecision(not)todosth.decision(n)decideondoingsth.决定做某事如：LiLeihasdecidedtogotoBeijing.李雷已经决定去北京。23.Becauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow.1）becauseof+名词/代词/名短Ihadtomovebecauseofmyjob.因为工作的原因because+ 从句如：IdoitbecauseIlikeit.我做这件事是因为我喜欢。2）below意为“在......下面;低于”，其反义词为above，意为“在......上面；高于”24. HYPERLINKhttp://www.xkb1.com/ 形容词/副词＋enough如：wet/quietlyenough 足够漂亮enoughenough＋名词 如：enoughumbrellas足够的雨伞足够(形/副)＋enough+(名)todosth. 足够…去做… 如：IhaveenoughmoneytogotoBeijing.我有足够的钱去北京。Sheisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.她年龄不够，不能去上学。同义句：Sheistooyoungtogotoschool.(too…to…:太…而不能…)Sheissoyoungthatshecan’tgotoschool.如此…以致于（结果）25.so+形/副+that从句：Sheissopopularthateveryonelikesher.suchsuch+名短+that从句：Sheissuchapopulargirlthat...sothat从句：结果…（为了）如：Hegetsupearlysothathecancatchtheearlybus.26.反身代词：myself/yourself/itself/herself/himself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves如：Thechild(herself)usuallywearstheclothes(herself).27．Whatadifferenceadaymakes!一天的差异多大啊！makeadifferencein…：对…有影响感叹句的结构1. Whata/an+adj.+n(单)+主+谓！或What+adj.+n（复不）+主+谓！2.How+adj.+主+谓（联系动词）！或How+adv+主+谓（实义动词）！28.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?1.exercise（v/n）的用法1）（动）:锻炼.如：Heexerciseseveryday.2)(可数名词)：“...操;练习”.如：domorning/eyeexercises;domathexercises(不可数名词):“锻炼;运动”讲：如：Weoftendo/takeexerciseonweekends.2.----Howoftendoyouusuallygoshopping?—Sometimes/Twiceaweek.有时候/一周两次. 1)goshopping意为“去购物”。Go+v-ing:表示进行某项活动。如：Goswimming/shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking2)频率副词：always=allthetime,usually,often,sometimes=attimes,hardlyever,never(1).sometimes:有时候；sometime：某时；sometimes：许多次/倍;sometime:一段时间hard(2).hardly(adv):几乎不硬的；困难的；严厉的；勤奋的ahardwriter努力地；猛烈地study/rainhard3）howoften表示“多久一次”，是对动作的频率进行提问。其回答通常有：频率副词：always,usually,often,sometimes,hardlyever,neverhowoften次数＋时间段:如：onceortwiceaweekevery＋时间段:everyday(每天)区别：everyday（每天的；日常的）注意：表示“一次或两次”时，一般用once和twice表示。如：onceamonth(一个月一次)而表示“三次或以上”时，则用“数词＋times”结构。如：fivetimesayear(一年五次)4） 由how构成的疑问词组的用法“多少”（1）how many+可数名词复数如：howmanyprogramshow much+不可数名词。如：howmuchcoffee但howmuch=what’sthepriceof..?还有“多少钱”的意思如：How much are those pants?(2)howmanytimes:“多少次”.其答语表示次数。如：once,twice，threetimes等(3)Howold...?询问年龄如：Howoldareyou?Iamfive.“howlong…?”(4)多久(时间)常用fortwodays，forthreehours等回答。多长（某物的长度）如：---Howlongistheriver?---10kms.(5)howsoon用来询问过多久，多久以后，其答语是intwohours，inthreedays等。如：Howsoonwilhecomeback？Inanhour。3.“空闲的”：Areyoufreetonight?4.atleast至少atmost最多befree“自由的”：afreecountryfreedom(n)5.stayup熬夜full“免费的”：workforfree.6.junkfood垃圾食品5.“满的；饱的”…befullof…:Thebottleisfullofwater.瓶子里装满了水。“忙的”=busyHehadafu