最新人教版八年级上册英语知识点(单词、短语、句子、语法、练习)

最新人教版八年级上册英语知识点Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?单词anyone['eniwʌn]pron.任何人anywhere['eniweə(r)]adv.任何地方n.任何(一个)地方wonderful['wʌndəfl]adj.精彩的；极好的few[fjuː]adj.很少的；n.少量most[məʊst]adj.最多的；大多数的；something['sʌmθɪŋ]pron.某事物；nothing(=not…anything)['nʌθɪŋ]pron.没有什么n.没有myself[maɪ'self]pron.我自己everyone['evriwʌn]pron.每人；人人yourself[jɔː'self]pron.你自己；你亲自hen[hen]n.母鸡；雌禽bored[bɔːd]adj.无聊的；厌烦的；郁闷的pign.猪diary['daɪəri]n.日记；日记簿(keepadiary)seem[siːm]vi.似乎；好像someone['sʌmwʌn]pron.某人；有人quiteafew相当多；不少(后接可数名词)ofcourse[əvkɔːs]当然activity[æk'tɪvəti]n.活动；活跃decide[dɪ'saɪd]v.决定；选定(decidetodosth.)try[traɪ]v.尝试；设法；努力(trytodosth./trydoingsth.)bird[bɜːd]n.鸟；禽paragliding['pærəɡlaɪdɪŋ]n.空中滑翔跳伞bicycle['baɪsɪkl]n.自行车building['bɪldɪŋ]n.建筑物trader['treɪdə(r)]n.商人；商船wonder['wʌndə(r)]v.惊奇；想知道；怀疑difference['dɪfrəns]n.差异；不同top[tɒp]n.顶部；顶wait[weɪt]v.等；等待(waitfor)umbrella[ʌm'brelə]n.伞；雨伞wet[wet]adj.湿的；雨天的below[bɪ'ləʊ]prep.低于；在...下面adv.在下面as[əz]conj.如同；像...一样enough[ɪ'nʌf]adj.足够的adv.足够地；充分地duck[dʌk]n.鸭肉；鸭hungry(反full)['hʌŋɡri]adj.饥饿的；渴望的feellike(doingsth.)想要dislike[dɪs'laɪk]v.不喜欢；厌恶n.不喜爱；厌恶；反感重点短语1.goonvacation去度假2.stayathome待在家里3.gotothemountains去爬山4.gotothebeach去海滩5.visitmuseums参观博物馆6.gotosummercamp去参加夏令营7.quiteafew相当多8.studyfor为……而学习9.goout出去10.mostofthetime大部分时间11.tastegood尝起来很好吃12.haveagoodtime玩得高兴13.ofcourse当然14.feellike给……的感觉；感受到15.goshopping去购物16.inthepast在过去17.walkaround四处走走18.becauseof因为19.onebowlof…一碗……20.thenextday第二天21.drinktea喝茶22.findout找出；查明23.goon继续24.takephotos照相25.somethingimportant重要的事26.upanddown上上下下27.comeup出来28.buysth.forsb./buysb.sth.为某人买某物29.taste+adj.尝起来……30.look+adj.看起来……31.nothing…but+动词原形除了……之外什么都没有32.seem+（tobe）+adj.看起来……33.arrivein+大地点/arriveat+小地点到达某地34.decidetodosth.决定去做某事35.trydoingsth.尝试做某事/36.trytodosth.尽力去做某事37.forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事/38.forgettodosth.忘记做某事39.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事40.wanttodosth.想去做某事41.startdoingsth.开始做某事42.stopdoingsth.停止做某事43.dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事44.keepdoingsth.继续做某事45.Whynotdo.sth.?为什么不做……呢？46.so+adj.+that+从句如此……以至于……47.tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人（不要）做某事48.haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself=havefun(doingsth.)玩得痛快三、重点句子：1.Wheredidyougoonvacation?你去哪儿度假的？2.Longtimenosee.好久不见。3.Didyougoanywhereinteresting?你去有趣的地方了吗？4.Ijuststayedathomemostofthetimetoreadandrelax.大多数时间我只呆在家里看书和放松。5.Everythingwasexcellent.一切都很棒。6.Iboughtsomethingformyfather.我给我爸爸买了些东西。7.Howdidyoulikeit？你觉得它怎么样？8.IarrivedatPenanginMalaysiathismorningwithmyfamily.今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城。9.Forlunch,wehadsomethingveryspecial.午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。10.…butmanyoftheoldbuildingsarestillthere.……但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里。11.MyfatherandIdecidedtogotoPenangHilltoday.今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。12.Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow.并且因为糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。语法：复合不定代词或副的构成及用法构成：由some,any,no,every分别加上-body,-thing,-one构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词；加上-where构成副词。用法：（1）合成不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语或表语等。Nobodywilllistentohim.Hewantssomethingtoeat.（2）不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。ThereisnothingwrongwiththeTV.Everybodylikesreading.（3）some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。但some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。Someoneiscallingme.Thereisn’tanyoneelsethere.Isanybodyoverthere?Couldyougivemesomethingtoeat?（4）形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后。Thereissomethingdeliciousonthetable.（5）somewhere,anywhere,nowhere,everywhere用作副词。Flowerscomeouteverywhere.注：①形容词修饰不定代词要后置：anythingspecial②不定代词做主语时谓语用单数.巩固练习：用不定代词或不定副词填空：1.Ican’thearanything=Icanhear_________.2.Thereis__________onthefloor.Pleasepickitup.3.Did________gotoplaybasketballwithyou?4.Iphonedyoulastnight,but________answeredit.5.Maybe__________putmypencil_________.Ican’tfindit___________.单选1.Noone________howtodoit.A.knowB.knowsC.knowingD.knew2.Everything_____OK,isn’tit?A.wasB.areC.andD.is3.There’s________inthenewspaper.Youshouldreadit.A.importantsomethingB.somethingboringC.boringsomethingD.somethingimportant.arrivedinPenanginMalaysiathismorningwithmyfamily.(翻译)___________________________________arrive为不及物动词，意为____,arrivein到达+大地方（国家省市）arriveat到达+小地方（机场商店等)getto到达+地方reach到达+地方TheSmiths_____NewYorkat8:00lastnight.A.arrivedatB.gottoC.reachD.arrived2.sowedecidedtogotothebeachnearourhotel.(翻译)_____________3.decide为及物动词，意为决定，决心。决定做某事：____________.4.MysisterandItriedparagliding.（翻译）____________________trytodosth.意为______________;trydoingsth.意为________________Weshouldn’ttry_______(study)English,weshouldtry________(study)English.5.IfeltlikeIwasabird.(翻译)________________________________.feellike意为_____后常接_____.另外feellike还意为_____Doyoufeellikeacupoftea?6.Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.（翻译）_____________wonder为及物动词，意为“想知道”，后常接疑问词（who,what,why)引导的从句。Iwonder_____youaredoing.(我想知道你正在做什么。)6.Whatadifferenceadaymakes!感叹句，结构为What+名词+主语+谓语！补充：________________________________________________7.Wewaitedoveranhourforthetrainbecausethereweretoomanypeople.________为等候,后接人或物。________为太多，后接可数名词复数;________+不可数名词（money）;________为太…后接形容词或副词（big）8.Myfatherdidn’tbringenoughmoney.Enough后可接________________，其形式分别为_________；_____________。wanttodosth.想要做某事wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事wouldliketodosth.想要做某事(2)decidetodosth.决定做某事decideon决定某事课后练习一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Ididn’tfind______(someone)there.2.Isthere_______(something)importantintoday’snewspaper?3.Look!Thereis______