重庆市缙云教育联盟2023-2024学年高三下学期2月英语试卷

★秘密·2024年2月17日11：00前重庆市2023-2024学年（下）2月月度质量检测高三英语【命题单位：重庆缙云教育联盟】注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回；4.全卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whereistheman’sbikenow?A.Underthestairs. B.Atthegate. C.Inthegarden.2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hedoesn’tlikethehotel.B.Theycan’taffordtostayatthehotel.C.Theydonotwanttostayatahotel.3.Whattimeisthewomanleaving?A.At4:30. B.At4:00. C.At3:30.4.WhatdoesthemanthinkofMr.Stone’slessons?A.Boring. B.Helpful. C.Unnecessary.5.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Offeringsuggestions. B.Expressingdissatisfaction. C.Askingforhelp.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。6.Whatmightbetherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Workmates. B.Friends. C.Motherandson.7.Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Theman’smajorincollege.B.Theman’sfavoritesubjects.C.Theman’sfuturejob.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。8.Whoisthewomancomplainingabout?A.Herboss. B.Herhusband. C.Herfriend.9.Whatistheman’sadvice?A.Finishingherjobearlier. B.Leavingthetasktoothers. C.Askingothersforhelp.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第11两个小题。10.Whathappenedtothewoman?A.Shecouldn’tcrossabusystreet.B.Shegotintoamovingtaxi.C.Shegothurtbyataxi.11.Wherearethetwospeakers?A.Inthehospital. B.Inthestreet. C.Inapolicestation.听下面一段对话，回答第12至第14三个小题。12.Whatdoesthemanwanttofindout?A.Thecostoftakingataxi. B.Thenearestbusstop. C.Howtogettoahotel.13.Howmanypossibilitiesdoesthewomansuggest?A.2. B.3. C.4.14.Whatistheman’sfinaldecision?A.Checkingtheschedule. B.Waitingforanotherbus. C.Takingataxi.听下面一段对话，回答第15至第17三个小题。15.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Onaplane. B.Onatrain. C.Inarestaurant.16.Whyisthemanworried?A.Thisishisfirsttimeabroad.B.Hecannotarriveontime.C.Hehasneverseenhisgrandson.17.WhendidthemanfirstseeEurope?A.Recently. B.Afterhiswife’sdeath. C.DuringtheSecondWorldWar.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。18.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Improvingourmemory. B.Takingcareofourhealth. C.Collectinginformation.19.Whatshouldwedotoremembersomeone’sname?A.Writeitdownonapieceofpaper.B.Paymoreattentiontohisorherfirstname.C.Rememberhisorherlastname.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggesttous?A.Havingarestfortwentyminutes.B.TakingsomeVitaminB1andB2.C.Doingsportsduringthebreak.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAquickincreaseofdopamine(多巴胺)shiftsmiceintoadreamystageofsleep.Inthemice’sbrains,thechemicalmessengertriggersrapid-eye-movementsleep,orREM,researchersreportintheMarch4Science.Thesenewresultsaresomeofthefirsttoshowatriggerfortheshifts.Understandingthesetransitionsinmoredetailcouldultimatelypointtowaystotreatsleepdisordersinpeople.Certainnervecellsintheventraltegmentalareaofthemousebraincanpumpoutdopamine,amoleculethathasbeenlinkedtopleasure,movementandlearning,whichisthendelivereddopaminetotheamygdalae,twoalmond-shapedstructuresdeepinthebrainthatarecloselytiedtoemotions.Usingamolecularsensorthatcantellexactlywhenandwheredopamineisreleased,theresearcherssawthatdopaminelevelsroseintheamygdalaejustbeforemiceshiftedfromnon-REMsleeptoREMsleep.Next,theresearchersforcedthemiceintotheREMphasebycontrollingthosedopamine-producingnervecellsusinglasersandgenetictechniques.Compelledwithlight,thenervecellsreleaseddopamineintheamygdalaewhilemicewereinnon-REMsleep.ThemicethenshiftedintoREMsleepsoonerthantheytypicallydid,afteranaverageofabouttwominutescomparedwithabouteightminutesformicethatweren’tpromptedtoreleasedopamine.Stimulatingthesecellseveryhalfhourincreasedthemice’stotalamountofREMsleep.Additionalexperimentssuggestthatthesedopamine-makingnervecellsmayalsobeinvolvedinaspectsofnarcolepsy(嗜睡症).Asuddenlossofmuscletone,calledcataplexy,sharesfeatureswithREMsleepandcanaccompanynarcolepsy.Stimulatingthesedopamine-makingnervecellswhilemicewereawakecausedthemicetostopmovingandfalldirectlyintoREMsleep.TheresultshelpclarifyatriggerforREMinmice;whetherasimilarthinghappensinpeopleisn’tknown.Earlierstudieshavefoundthatnervecellsinpeople’samygdalaeareactiveduringREMsleep.Manyquestionsremain.Drugsthatchangedopaminelevelsinpeopledon’tseemtohavebigeffectsonREMsleepandcataplexy.Butthesedrugsaffectthewholebrain,andit’spossiblethattheyarejustnotselectiveenough.21．Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A．Peoplewithsleepdisorderscouldbenefitfromtheresearch.B．Dopamineisgeneratedintwoalmond-shapedstructures.C．DopaminelevelsroseaftermiceshiftedtoREMsleep.D．AnincreaseofdopaminecantriggerREMinpeople.22．Theunderlinedword“they”inthelastparagraphrefersto______.A．theentirebrainB．REMsleepandcataplexyC．drugsaffectingdopaminelevelsD．peoplesufferingfromsleepdisorders23．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tointroducetwostagesofsleepofallanimals.B．ToexplaindopamineasatriggerforREMinmic