高考英语阅读完型专题08 阅读理解时事热点-高考英语阅读完形名校好题100篇(解析版)

阅读理解时事热点2023·重庆·统考模拟预测2022·四川成都·统考二模2022·河南·校联考模拟预测2022·安徽蚌埠·统考模拟预测2022·河北衡水·河北衡水中学校考一模2022·湖北·校联考一模2022·湖北黄冈·黄冈中学校考二模2022·江苏南京·统考三模2023·上海·上海中学校考模拟预测2022·辽宁·校联考模拟预测A（2023·重庆·统考模拟预测）TeslaandSpaceXChiefExecutiveElonMuskhasjoineddozensofCEOsofartificialintelligencecompaniesinsigninganopenletterurgingtheUnitedNationstobantheuseofAIinweaponsbeforethetechnologygetsoutofhand.TheletterwaspublishedMonday—thesamedaytheU.N.wastodiscusswaystoprotectciviliansfromthemisuseofautomatedweapons(自动武器).Thatmeeting,however,hasbeenpostponeduntilNovember.“Automatedweaponsthreatentobecomethethirdrevolutioninwarfare,”readtheletter,whichwasalsosignedbytheCEOsoftophigh-techcompaniessuchasCafeXTechnologiesandPlusOneRobotics.“OncethisPandora’sboxisopened,itwillbehardtoclose.ThereforeweasktheHighContractingPartiestofindawaytoprotectusallfromthesedangers.”Theletter’stonesechothoseinanotheropenletterthatMusk-alongwithmorethan3,000AIandroboticsresearchers,signednearlytwoyearsago.Theletterwarnedofthedangersofartificialintelligenceinweapons,whichcouldbeusedinassassinations(暗杀),overturningnations,andselectivelykillingaparticularethnicgroup.Manynationsarealreadyfamiliarwithdrone(无人机)warfare,inwhichhuman-piloteddronesareusedinsteadofputtingsoldiersonsite.Lowercosts,aswellasthefactthattheydon’triskthelivesofmilitarypersonnel,havecontributedtotheirrisingpopularity.Futurecapabilitiesforunmannedaerialvehiclescouldincludeautonomoustakeoffsandlandings,whileunderwaterdronescouldeventually“swim”intheseas.AIweaponswouldtakethingsastepfurther,removinghumaninvolvemententirely,andpotentiallyimprovingefficiency.Buttheycouldalsoopenawholenewboxofworms,accordingtotheletter,“loweringthelevelforgoingtobattle”andcreatingaglobalarmsraceinwhichhorribletechnologycanbemass-producedandmisused.“Artificialintelligencetechnologyhasreachedapointwheretheuseofsuchsystemsis-practically,ifnotlegally-achievablewithinyears,andtherisksarehigh.Itwillonlybeamatteroftimeuntiltheyappearontheblackmarketandinthehandsofterrorists,dictatorsorwarlords(军阀).”1．WhydidElonMusksigntheopenletter?A．TourgeUNtobanallthenewtechnology.B．ToprotecthumansfromthepotentialdangersofAI.C．Tocutdownthecostofautomatedweapons.D．Toaskpeopletokeepcuriousfacingtechnology.2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheeffectofAIuseinweapons?A．Overthrowinganation.B．Selectivelykillinganethnicgroup.C．Improvingefficiency.D．Riskingthelivesofmilitarypersonnel.3．Theunderlinedsentence“theycouldalsoopenawholenewboxofworms”impliesthattheuseofAIinarmswould__.A．giverisetoalotofthreatstotheworldB．lowerthelevelofglobalarmsraceC．cutdownthemassproductionofarmsD．decreasethedealsontheblackmarket4．Whatisthewriter’sattitudetowardstheuseofAlinweapons?A．Indifferent. B．Supportive.C．Concerned. D．Regretful.【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过ElonMusk等人一起签署的一封公开信，谈论了作者对人工智能在武器中使用的担忧。1．B【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“TeslaandSpaceXChiefExecutiveElonMuskhasjoineddozensofCEOsofartificialintelligencecompaniesinsigninganopenletterurgingtheUnitedNationstobantheuseofAIinweaponsbeforethetechnologygetsoutofhand.(特斯拉和SpaceX的首席执行官ElonMusk与数十家人工智能公司的首席执行官一起签署了一封公开信，敦促联合国在技术失控之前禁止在武器中使用人工智能。)”及第二段中“TheletterwaspublishedMonday——thesamedaytheU.N.wastodiscusswaystoprotectciviliansfromthemisuseofautomatedweapons(自动武器).(这封信于周一发表，同一天，联合国将讨论如何保护平民免受自动武器的滥用。)”可知，ElonMusk在公开信上签名是为了保护人类免受人工智能的潜在危险。故选B。2．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theletterwarnedofthedangersofartificialintelligenceinweapons,whichcouldbeusedinassassinations(暗杀),overturningnations,andselectivelykillingaparticularethnicgroup.(这封信警告了人工智能武器的危险，它可能被用于暗杀、颠覆国家，以及选择性地杀害一个特定的种族。)”、第五段中“Lowercosts,aswellasthefactthattheydon’triskthelivesofmilitarypersonnel,havecontributedtotheirrisingpopularity.(更低的成本，以及它们不冒军事人员生命危险的事实，使它们越来越受欢迎。)”以及第六段中“AIweaponswouldtakethingsastepfurther,removinghumaninvolvemententirely,andpotentiallyimprovingefficiency.(人工智能武器将更进一步，完全消除人类的参与，并有可能提高效率。)”可知，人工智能在武器中的使用可能会颠覆国家、选择性地杀害一个特定的种族并有可能提高效率，但不会拿军事人员的生命冒险。故选D。3．A【解析】词句猜测题。划线词句后文“Itwillonlybeamatteroftimeuntiltheyappearontheblackmarketandinthehandsofterrorists,dictatorsorwarlords(军阀).(它们出现在黑市上，落入恐怖分子、独裁者或军阀手中，只是时间问题。)”说明人工智能武器会给世界带来很多威胁，从而推知划线词句“Buttheycouldalsoopenawholenewboxofworms,accordingtotheletter,‘loweringthelevelforgoingtobattle’andcreatingaglobalarmsraceinwhichhorribletechnologycanbemass-producedandmisused.(但是，根据信中的说法，theycouldalsoopenawholenewboxofworms，‘降低作战级别’，并造成一场全球军备竞赛，在这场竞赛中，可怕的技术可能会被大规模生产和滥用。)”其中划线部分应为“人工智能武器会给世界带来很多威胁”的意思。故选A。4．C【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Artificialintelligencetechnologyhasreachedapointwheretheuseofsuchsystemsis-practically,ifnotlegally-achievablewithinyears,andtherisksarehigh.Itwillonlybeamatteroftimeuntiltheyappearontheblackmarketandinthehandsofterrorists,dictatorsorwarlords(军阀).(人工智能技术已经达到了这样一种程度，即使在几年内不能在法律上实现，这种系统的使用也几乎是可以实现的，而且风险很高。它们出现在黑市上，落入恐怖分子、独裁者或军阀手中，只是时间问题。)”可知，作者对人工智能在武器中的使用是担忧的。故选C。B（2022·四川成都·统考二模）Withroundsofpioneeringspaceflightsthatcouldsetthestageforfuturespacetourism,itisworthlookingatwhatmightbeinvolvedforthehumanexplorationofMars,thoughit'slikelydecadesaway.Technologicalchallengesaside,aswecontinuetoexpandourexplorationofMars,thereisaqu