专题04+正确的人生态度和社会责任-2024年高考英语一轮复习主题词汇&阅读一遍过

话题四正确的人生态度和社会责任第一部分话题词汇积累单词&短语1.modestadj.________________ 2.optimisticadj.________________3.negativen.________________ 4.coursen.________________5.courtn.________________ 6.crackv.________________7.crashv.________________ 8.creditn.________________9.commitmentn.________________ 10.contributionn.________________11.courageousadj.________________ 12.criticaladj.________________13.criticizev.________________ 14.curiousadj.________________15.desirev.&n.________________ 16.despiteprep.________________17.disappointedadj.________________ 18.distributionn.________________19.dutyn.________________ 20.dynamicadj.________________21.definitelyadv.________________ 22.crueladj.________________23.cuben.________________ 24.dampadj.________________25.decaden.________________ 26.decisiveadj.________________27.decoratev.________________ 28.defendv.________________29.delicateadj.________________ 30.dentistn.________________31.________________n.离开；启程；出发32.________________v.减少；下降；衰退；谢绝33.________________adj.有创造力的；创造性的34.________________adj.致命的；非常的，极度的35.________________n.程度；度数；学位36.________________n.勇气；胆量37.________________v.创造；创作；创建；造成38________________.n.犯罪活动；罪行39.________________adj.拥挤的；挤满的40.________________n.好奇心41.________________n.顾客42.________________v.辩论；讨论43.________________v.击败；战胜44.________________v.宣布；声称；宣称45.________________n.决定；决议；抉择46.atthecostof...________________47.counton/upon________________48.indemand________________49.作报告/授课________________50.报道这次会议________________51.几天前；前不久________________52.文化差异________________53.治愈某人的疾病________________54.对……好奇________________55.切掉；切断；使隔绝________________56.对……造成损害________________57.随着音乐起舞________________58.变聋________________59.todate________________60.Thereisnodenyingthat________________词汇拓展1.desiren.愿望；欲望；渴望；情欲；向往的人；渴望的事物v.渴望；期望；向往；被(某人)吸引【搭配】desire(期望，要求)是及物动词，后接名词作宾语时，无须用任何介词。顺便说一句，desire若用作名词，其后可以接介词for。desire(要求)后接that从句时，其谓语通常用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气形式。另外，也可用不定式的复合结构来表示此意。He________________animmediateanswer.他要求立即答复。Hehasastrong________________forsuccess.他有强烈的成功欲望。She_______________toliveinthecountry.她希望住在乡下。We_______________thatshe(should)typetheletteratonce.=Wedesirehertotypetheletteratonce.我们要求她马上把信打出来。2.defendv.防御；保护；保卫；辩解；辩白；防守Ourdutyisto_______________thecountryagainstitsenemies.我们的职责是保卫国家不受敌人侵犯。TherearewaysIcan_______________myselfagainstsuchobjections.我能够用许多办法为自己辩护，驳回这样的反对意见。【辨析】defend,defence的区别defend是动词；而defence/defense是名词。defence表示“保卫”或“防御”,注意其后所用介词：后接入侵者或造成危害者用介词against;若后接被保护者用介词of；indefenceof,意为“保卫……”“为……辩护”。Peopleusedtobuildstrongwallsroundtheirtownsasa_______________againstenemies.人们从前在城镇四周修筑城墙来抵御敌人。Thisfortwasoncethemain_______________oftheisland.这座堡垒曾经是这个岛上的主要防御设施。Hundredsgavetheirlivesin_______________offreedom.千百人为了自由献出了自己的生命。defend表示“保卫”,通常为及物动词，其宾语就是被保卫的对象。表示“保卫……免受或抵抗……”,用介词from,against。Thewallwasbuiltto_______________theroadfrombeingwashedawaybythesea.建这座堤是为了保护这条路不被海水冲垮。Ourdutyisto_______________thecountryagainsttheenemies.我们的职责是保卫祖国不受敌人侵袭。活学活用一、阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个单词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Anexperiencedpublicspeakerusuallybeginsbyarousingtheaudience's____________(curious).2.Despitethefact_______________hehadbeentheretwice,hefailedtofindtheplace.3.Oncethe_______________(decide)isreached,hecandateandsignthesheet.4.Theoldfarmerwasverysadbecausethestrongwindsdidalotofdamage_______________hiscrops.5.TheGreatWallwasonceused_______________(defend)againstmilitaryaggression.二、翻译句子1.Sheseemednervousortense,andshewasdefinitelyshortwithme.___________________________________________________________________2.IknowIletyoudownlastweek,butyoucancountonmethistime.___________________________________________________________________3.Theseyoungstersaremotivatednotbyadesiretoachieve,butbyfearoffailure.___________________________________________________________________4.不可否认的是，勇气在我们生活中扮演着重要角色。(denying)___________________________________________________________________答案单词&短语谦虚的2.乐观的3.消极的；否定的；阴性的4.课程；过程，进程；航线；球场；一道菜5.法庭；球场；院子6.破裂；裂开7.撞击：坠毁；崩溃8.信用；信誉；信贷；学分9.忠诚，投入；奉献10.贡献；捐献11.勇敢的12.批评的13.批评14.好奇的15.渴望16.尽管；虽然17.失望的18.分配；分布19.职责；义务20.动态的；动力的：充满活力的21.确切地；肯定地22.残忍的；残酷的23.立方体；立方形24.潮湿的；有湿气的25.十年；十年期26.决定性的；关键的27.装饰；装修28.防御；保卫；辩护29.易碎的：脆弱的；精致的；微妙的30.牙医31.departure32.decline33.creative34.deadly35.degree36.courage37.create38.crime39.crowded40.curiosity41.customer42.debate43.defeat44.declare45.decision46.以……为代价47.依靠；依赖；指望48.非常需要的：受欢迎的49.deliveraspeech/lecture50.covertheconference51.theotherday52.culturaldifferences53.curesb.ofthedisease54.becuriousabout...55.cutoff56.do/causedamageto57.dancetomusic58.go/becomedeaf59.至今；到目前为止60.不可否认……词汇拓展1.desires;desire;desires:desire2.defend;defend;defence;defence;defence;defend;defend活学活用一、1.curiosity2.that3.decision4.to5.todefend二、1.她似乎很焦虑，抑或是很紧张，对我明显很不客气。2.我知道我上周让你失望了，但是这次你能指望我。3.激发这些年轻人的不是对成功的渴望，而是对失败的担心。4.Thereisnodenyingthatcourageisplayingasoimportantroleinone'slife.第二部分话题阅读训练（A）阅读理解SusanScott,71,isgladthatshedidn'tthinkaboutheragewhenshetookupbodybuildingattheageof59.“Ireinventmyselfeverytenyears.Istartedmy