广东省深圳市罗湖区2023-2024学年高三上学期期末英语试题

绝密★启用前试卷类型：A2023-2024学年度第一学期期末质量检测高三英语2024.1注意事项：1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThefamousmagazine,Runner’sWorld,haschosensomeofthebest,mostdifficultandenjoyableUKraces.TopoftheWolds10KChallengeThis10-kmcountrysidetrackinYorkshireisallfununtilyoutaketheleftturnatNunburnholme.Atthispoint,youenteraseriousuphillpart,butthankfullytheuphillpartonlylastsforaround1.5km.You’llhaveaboutakilometretoenjoytheviewsbeforethewaytakesyoudownhillagain,andbacktowhereyoustartedinWarter--acutelittlevillage.Scurry2BridgesRunThis161-kmrelayraceisdividedinto16parts,soyoueachrun4separateparts.Overthecourseofthisday-longadventure,you’lleachrunaboutmarathondistancewhiletheworkerswilldrivearoundforpick-upsanddrop-offsatrelayexchangepointsbetweenthestartinDundeeandthefinishinEdinburgh.ScafellSkyRaceHere’satrailrun（越野跑）thatisnotsuitableforbeginners.Withatotalof3,500mofascent（上坡路）,thisisunquestionablyoneofthehardesteventsaround.Goodthingisthattheviewsarebeautiful,andthatthere’shotfoodandabottleofapplejuicewaitingforyouintheend.Offa’sDyke15Thetraditional15-miledistancebeginsattheClockTowerinHay-on-WyeandincludesafewhardclimbsbeforefinishinginKington.Thisyearthehardeventhasaddedachallenging10kmaroundKington.21.WhatdoweknowaboutScurry2BridgesRun?A.Itisa161-milerelayrace. B.Ithasanuphillpartabout16km.C.Itrequiresrunnerstorunanddrive. D.Itisarelayracemadeupof16parts.22.Whichracebestsuitsracerswhowanttoenjoyfoodattheendofarace?A.TopoftheWolds10KChallenge. B.Scurry2BridgesRun.C.ScafellSkyRace. D.Offa'sDyke15.23.Whatdothefourraceshaveincommon?A.Theyareheldinthecountryside. B.Theyaretoughbutexcitingraces.C.Theyaskrunnerstotakepartalone. D.Theycanprovidetherunnerswithfood.BDr.ElsaOlivettihasalwaysbeeninterestedinhowmaterialssciencecanchangethewaywestoreenergy.WhenshestartedherworkatMIT,shewasexcitedaboutdiscoveringthesecretsofsustainablebatteryproduction.Duringherresearch,hermainfocuswasonaspecialkindofbattery,calledsolid-statebatteries,andamaterialnamedLLZO.Shediscoveredabigchallenge:findingandgettingaspecialmaterialcalledtantalum,whichisnoteasytofindbutnecessaryfortheproductionofLLZO.Thisinspiredhertolookatthewholeprocessofmakingbatteriesbeyondthelaboratory,fromgettingthematerialstoproducingthefinalproduct.Dr.Olivettiandherteamlookedintohowthesematerialsaremined,processed,andturnedintobatteries.Theyfoundthatifwewanttousemoreelectriccarsinthefuture,weneedtogetmuchbetteratproducinganddeliveringmaterialsliketantalum.Then,Dr.Olivettiaimstofigureoutacreativesolutiontothechallenge.Sheworkedwithindustryleaderstodevelopsustainableminingpracticesandcalledonpolicychangestosupportabettersupplychain,whichproveseffective.Dr.Olivettistressesthatherworkisnotmeanttoreplacetraditionalmethods.Instead,it'smeanttohelpmakethebatteryproductionbetterbylookingbroadlyatthethingsthatcouldmakeenergystorageefficient.Lookingahead,Dr.Olivettiremainscommittedtoimprovingsustainableenergystorage.Shewantstomaketheproductionprocesslesswastefulandmorecost-effective,creatingafuturewhereenergystorageisnotonlygoodbutalsokindtoourplanet.Reflectingonherwork,Dr.Olivettioftensaysthatwhatshedoesismorethanjustscience.Eachstepwetaketowardsmoreefficientandenvironmentally-friendlybatterytechnologyisasteptowardsabetterworld,stressingtheimportanceofcuriosityandperseveranceinthepursuitofscientificexploration.24.WhatwasDr.Olivetti'sinterestinherworkatMIT?A.Makingelectriccarscheaper. B.Makingbatteriesmoresustainable.C.Figuringoutwaystominematerials. D.Dealingwithchallengesofproduction.25.WhyistantalumimportantinDr.Olivetti'sresearch?A.Itreducesproductioncosts. B.Ithelpssustainablemining.C.Itisacommonbatterymaterial. D.ItisimportantforLLZOproduction.26.HowdidDr.Olivettidealwiththechallengesinbatteryproduction?A.Shefocusedonlabexperiments.B.Sheworkedwithindustryleaders.C.Shedevelopedanewtypeofelectriccar.D.Shereplacedoldmethodswithmodernones.27.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.TheScienceofBattery. B.TheFutureofElectricCars.C.TheImportanceofTantalum. D.TheWorkonBetterBatteries.CIt'sknownthatreadingisgoodforachild'svocabularyandliteracyskills,teachingthemmathorscienceconceptsandhelpingthemlearnhistory.Apartfromthose,readinghasanotherbenefit.Haveyoureadastoryandfelttearswellupbecauseofacharacter'ssuffering?Ifso,thatisbecauseyouhaveempathy（共鸣）forthecharacter-andempathycanbelearnedthroughvariousfictions.It'samagiceyethatseesintootherpeople'shearts,explainsauthorCressidaCowell.Researchshowsthathumanbrainsreactdifferentlytostoriesandfacts.Manymoreareasofyourbrainlightupwhenyou'reenjoyingastory,explainsMirandaMcKearneyfromEmpathyLab,anorganizationthatbuildsempathythroughreading.Yourbrainthinksyouareinthestory...Thismeansyouexperiencethecharacters'thoughtsasiftheyarereal.Empathyhelpsyoutoreadpeople'semotionsandworkoutthebestwaytorespond.Thisskill,calledemotionalintelligence,canmakeiteasiertocommunicatean