07. 新目标英语八上知识点归纳

Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?短语：goonvacationstayathomegotothemountainsgotothebeachvisitmuseumsgotosummercampquiteafewstudyforgooutmostofthetimetastegoodhaveagoodtimeofcoursefeellikegoshoppinginthepastwalkaroundtoomanybecauseofonebowloffindoutgoontakephotossomethingimportantupanddowncomeup语法：Wheredidyougoonvacation?IwenttoNewYorkCity.Didyougooutwithanyone?No,Noonewashere.Everyonewasonvacation.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?Yes,Iboughtsomethingformyfather.Howwasthefood?Everythingtastedreallygood.Dideveryonehaveagoodtime?Oh，yes.Everythingwasexcellent.惯用法：1.buysthforab./buysb.sth为某人买某物2.taste+adj.尝起来……3.nothing….but+V.(原形)除了……之外什么都没有4.seem+(tobe)+adj看起来5.arrivein+大地方/arriveat+小地方到达某地6.decidetodosth.决定做某事7.trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力做某事8.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事9.wanttodosth.想去做某事10.startdoingsth.开始做某事11.stopdoingsth.停止做某事12.look+adj看起来13.dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事14.Whynotdosth.为什么不做…….呢？15.so+adj+that+从句如此……以至于……16.tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人（不要）做某事17.keepdoingsth.继续做某事18.forgettodosth.忘记去做某事/forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事词语辨析：1. anywhere与somewhere两者都是不定副词。anywhere在任何地方，常用于否定句和疑问句中。Ican’tfinditanywhere.somewhere在某处，到某处，常用于肯定句。Ilostmykeysomewherenearhere.2.seem+形容词看起来…..Youseemhappytoday.seem+todosth.似乎、好像做某事IseemtohaveacoldIseems/seemed+从句看起来好像…；似乎….Itseemsthatnoonebelieveyou.seemlike….好像，似乎…..Itseemslikeagodidea.3.decidetodosth.决定做某事Theydecidetovisitthemuseum.decide+疑问词+动词不定式Hecannotdecidewhentoleave.4.startdoingsth=starttodosth.开始，可与begin互换。Hestarteddoinghishomework.但以下几种情况不能用begin.1) 创办，开办：Hestartedanewbllkshoplastmonth.2) 机器开动：Ican’tstartmycar.3) 出发，动身：Iwillstarttomorrowmorning.5.over介词，多于，超过，在…以上（表示数目、程度）=morethanMyfatherisover40yearsold.在…之上，与物体垂直且不接触，与under相反。Thereisamapovertheblackboard.超过：Ihearthenewsovertheradio.遍及：Iwanttotravelallovertheworld.6.toomany太多，后接可数名词复数：Motherboughttoomanyeggsyesterday.toomuch太多，修饰不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。Wehavetoomuchworktodo.Don’ttalktoomuch.muchtoo太，修饰形容词或副词。Thehatismuchtoobigforme.You’rewalkingmuchtoofast.分辨三者的口诀：toomuch,muchtoo,用法区别看后头：much后接不可数，too后修饰形或副。toomany要记住，后面名词必复数。7.becauseof介词短语，因为，由于，后接名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。Hecan’ttakeawalkbecauseoftherain.because连词，因为，引导状语从句，表示直接明确的原因或理由。Idon’tbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?短语helpwithhouseworkgoshoppingonweekendshowoftenhardlyeveronceaweektwiceamonthgotothemovieseverydayusetheInternetbefreehavedanceandpianolessonsswingdanceplaytennisstayuplateatleastgotobedearlyplaysportsbegoodforgocampinginone’sfreetimenot….atallthemostpopularsuchasgotothedentistmorethanoldhabitsthehardlessthan语法要点：Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?Ialwaysexercise.Whatdotheydoonweekends?Theyoftenhelpwithhousework.Whatdoesshedoonweekends?Shesometimesgoesshopping.Howoftendoyougotothemovies?Igotothemoviesmaybeonceamonth.HowoftendoeshewatchTV?HehardlyeverwatchesTV.Doyougoshopping?No,Inevergoshopping.惯用法：1.helpsb.withsth帮助某人做某事2.Howabout…?….怎么样？/….好不好？3.wantsb.todosth.想让某人做某事4.Howmany+可数名词复数+一般疑问句….有多少…..5.主语+find+that从句…发现…6.It’s+adj.+todosth.做某事是….的7.spendtimewithsb.和某人一起度过时光8.asksb.aboutsth.向某人询问某事9.bydoingsth.通过做某事10.What’syourfavorite…..?你最喜欢的……是什么？11startdoingsth.开始做某事12.thebestwaytodosth.做某事的最好方式词语辨析：1.howoften多久一次，用来提问动作发生的频率。回答用：once，twice,threetimes等词语。Howoftendoyouplaysports?Threetimesaweek.howlong多长，用来询问多长时间，也可询问某物有多长。HowlongdoesittaketogettoShanghaifromhere?Howlongistheruler?howfor多远，用来询问距离，指路程的远近。Howfarisitfromheretothepark?It’sabout2kilometers.2. free空闲的，有空的，反义词为busy.befree有空，闲着，相当于havetime.I’llbefreenextweek.=I’llhavetimenextweek.还可作“免费的、自由的”解。befreetodosth.自由地做某事。Theticketsarefree.You’refreetogoortostay.3. Howcome？怎么会？怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句，相当于疑问句why,但howcome开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。HowcomeTomdidn’tcometotheparty?=Whydidn’tTomcometotheparty?4. stayuplate指“熬夜到很晚，迟睡”。Don’tstayuplatenexttime.stayup指“熬夜，不睡觉”。Hestayedupallnighttowritehisstory.5. gotobed强调“上床睡觉”的动作及过程，但人不一定睡着。Iwenttobedatelevenlastnight.gotosleep强调“入睡，睡着，进入梦乡”。Shewassotiredthatshewenttosleepsoon.6. find+宾语+名词,发现：Wehavefoundhim(tobe)agoodboy.find+宾语+形容词，发现：Hefoundtheroomdirty.find+宾语+现在分词，发现：Ifoundherstandingatthedoor.7. percent百分数，基数词+percent：percent没有复数形式，作主语时，根据所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数。Fortypercentofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.Thirtypercentoftimepassed.8. morethan超过，多于，不仅仅，相当于over.在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换。反义词组为：lessthan.IlivedinShanghaiformorethan/overtenyears.9.afraid形容词，担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。I’mafraidwecan’tcomehereontime.beafraidofsb/sth害怕某人/某事；beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事。Somechildrenareafraidofthedark.Don’tbeafraidofaskingquestion.I’mafraid+从句，恐怕，担心：I’mafraidIhavetogonow.10.sometimes,sometime,sometimes,sometime的区别：sometimes频度副词，有时。表示动作发生的不经常性，多与一般现在时连用，可位于句首、句中或句末。SometimesIgetupveryearly.------Howoftendoyougetup?sometime副词，某个时候。表示不确切或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对它用疑问词when.IwillgotoShanghaisometimenextweek.------WhenwillyougotoShanghainextweek?sometimes名词词组，几次，几倍。其中time是可数名词，对它提问用howmanytimes.Ihavereadthestorysometimes.-------Howmanytimeshaveyoureadthestory?sometime名词短语，一段时间.表示“一段时间”时，句中谓语动词常为延续性动词，提问时用Howlong.I‘llstayhereforsometime.-----Howlongwillyoustayhere?Unit3I’mmoreoutgoingthanmysister短语归纳：1.more