八年级上册词语辨析1.anywhere与somewhereanywhere意为“在任何地方”,常用于否定句和疑问句中。Ican’tfinditanywhere.somewhere意为“在某处,到某处”,常用于肯定句中。Ilostmykeysomewherenearhere.quiteafew与quitealittlequiteafew“相当多;不少”,修饰可数名词的复数。Hewillstayhereforquiteafewdays.quitealittle“许多,相当多”,修饰不可数名词。Thereisquitealittlewaterinthebottle.toomany,toomuch与muchtootoomany“太多”,后接可数名词复数。Motherboughttoomanyeggsyesterday.toomuch“太多”,修饰不可数名词,还可修饰动词作状语。Wehavetoomuchworktodo.Don’ttalktoomuch.muchtoo“太”,修饰形容词或副词。Thehatismuchtoobigforme.You’rewalkingmuchtoofast.becauseof与becausebecauseof“因为,由于”,后可跟名词、代词、动名词或相当于名词的短语,不能接句子。Helosthisjobbecauseofhisage.because“因为”,连词,引导状语从句,表示直接明确的原因或理由。Ididn’tbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.bring与takebring“带来,拿来”,指从别人处带来到说话者所在地。Don’tforgettobringyourhomeworkheretomorrow.take“带走,拿走”,指从说话者所在地带到别处去。We’lltakethestudentstothemuseum.6.bored与boringbored“厌倦的;烦闷的;感到无聊的”,一般在句中修饰人,作表语。I’mboredwithwhathesaid.boring“无趣的;令人厌烦的;单调的”,一般在句中修饰事或物,可作表语和定语。Ifindthestoryveryboring.excited与excitingexcited“感到兴奋的,激动的”,常作表语,主语常为人。Sarahwasexcitedtoseethesinger.exciting“令人兴奋的,使人激动的”,可作定语和表语,作定语时主语通常为物。Hetoldmetheexcitingnews.relaxed与relaxingrelaxed“放松的”,常用于描述人。Relaxing“轻松的;令人放松的”,常用于描述物。Tomlooksrelaxedafterarelaxingvacation.interested与interestinginterested“感兴趣的”,常用于be/becameinterestedin结构,主语是人。interesting“令人感兴趣的”,可用作表语,主语是事物。ThisfilmisveryinterestingsoI’minterestedinit.surprised,surprising与surprisesurprised形容词,“感到惊奇的”,主语常为人。Wearesurprisedtolearnthatsheissixtyyearsold.surprising形容词,“令人惊讶的”,主语通常是物。Thenewswassurprising.surprise名词,“惊讶,惊奇”Tooursurprise,hepassedtheexam.动词,“使惊奇,使感到意外”Itsurprisedmetoseesomanypeoplethere.11.trydoingsth.与trytodosth.trydoingsth.“尝试着做某事”,表示一种尝试,做做看的想法,不一定付出很多努力。Itriedcallinghim,butnooneanswered.trytodosth.“尽力,设法去做某事”,表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成,强调付出一定的努力设法去完成。I’mtryingtolearnEnglishwell.forgetdoingsth.与forgettodosth.forgetdoingsth.“忘记做过某事”(事情已经做过了)Iforgetclosingthewindow.forgettodosth.“忘记要做某事”(事情还没做)Don’tforgettoclosethewindow.stopdoingsth.与stoptodosth.stopdoingsth.“停止做某事”Westopeating.stoptodosth.“停下来去做另外一件事”Westoptoeat.rememberdoingsth.与remembertodosth.rememberdoingsth.“记得做过某事”(事情已做)Well,IremembermeetingyouinBeijing.remembertodosth.“记住做某事”(事情没有做)Remembertoclosethewindowwhenyouleavetheroom.beafraidofdoingsth.与beafraidtodosthbeafraidofdoingsth.“担心或害怕出现某种后果”beafraidtodosth.“因害怕而不敢做某事”16.sometimes,sometime,sometimes与sometimesometimes“有时”,频度副词,表示动作发生的不经常性,多与一般现在时连用,它可位于句首,句中或句末。SometimesIgetupverylate.sometime“某个时候”,副词,表示某个不确切或不具体的时间,常用于过去时或将来时,对它提问用when.IwillgotoShanghaisometimenextweek.sometimes“几次,几倍”,名词短语,其中time是可数名词,对它提问用Howmanytimes.Ihavereadthestorysometimes.sometime“一段时间”,名词短语,表示“一段时间”时,句中谓语动词常为延续性动词,对它提问用Howlong.I’llstayhereforsometime.助记:分开“一段时间(sometime)”,相聚为“某时(sometime)”,“有时”相聚加-s(sometimes),“几次”分开带-s(sometimes)hardly与hard副词hardly“几乎不”,一般位于动词之前。Hehardlyworks.hard“努力”,位于动词之后。Heworkshard.howoften,howlong,howfar,howmuch,howmany与howoldhowoften“多久一次”,用来提问动作发生的频率。Howoftendoyouexercise?howlong“多长”,用来询问多长时间,也可询问某物有多长。HowlongdoesittaketogettoShanghaifromhere?Howlongisittheruler?howfar“多远”,用来询问距离,指路程的远近。Howfarisitfromheretothepark?howmuch“多少”,用来询问价格,也可对不可数名词提问。Howmuchistheruler?Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?howmany“多少”,提问数量,后接可数名词复数。Howmanybooksdoyouhave?howold“几岁”,对年龄提问。Howoldareyou?19.use与with“用”use动词,在句中作谓语,表示用途。Iusethepentowrite.with介词,在句中作状语,表示方式。Iwritewithapen.maybe与maybemaybe“或许,大概,可能”,副词,作状语。Maybeyouareright.maybe“可能是”属“情态动词+be动词”结构。Youmayberight.stayuplate与stayupstayuplate“熬夜到很晚;迟睡”Don’tstayuplatenexttime.stayup“熬夜;不睡觉”Hestayedupallnighttowritehisstory.gotobed与gotosleepgotobed“上床睡觉”,强调动作及过程,但人不一定睡着。Iwenttobedatelevenlastnight.gotosleep“入睡;睡着;进入梦乡”Shewassotiredthatshewenttosleepsoon.however与buthowever“然而;可是”,既可以作副词,也可以作连词,不能直接连接两个分句,必须另起新句,用逗号隔开,表示的一种补充关系。Itbegantorain,however,wewentouttolookfortheboy.but“可是”,一般作连词,可连接前后两个分句,意义上表示的是一种转折关系。Itissunnymorning,butverycold.begoodfor,begoodat与begoodwithbegoodfor“对......有益”Doingmorningexercisesisgoodforyou.begoodat“擅长”,后接名词、代词或动名词。I’mgoodat(playing)basketball.begoodwith“和......相处很好”Areyougoodwithchildren?hard-working,hardwork与workhardhard-working“勤勉的,努力工作的”,形容词Heisahard-workingboy.hardwork“辛勤的工作”,名词短语,hard是形容词,修饰不可数名词work.Whathardworkitis!workhard“努力工作”,动词短语,hard是副词,修饰动词work.Healwaysworkshard.win与beatwin“赢得;获胜”,用作及物动词,其宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等等。Hewonthebasketballgame.beat“打赢;战胜”,用于比赛时,其宾语为所战胜的对手。LiLeiistherunnersinthe100-meterrace.laugh与smilelaugh“出声地(大)笑”,不但有面部表情,而且还有声音。Laughat...意为“嘲笑......;因......而发笑”。Welaughathisjokes.smile“无声地微笑”,指的是面部表情。Smileat...意为“向......微笑”。Hesmiledatme.both与allboth表示“两者都”Hisparentsarebothteachers.all表示“三者或者三者以上都”Threestudentsareflyingkites,theyareallinClass1Grade8.29.Theother,theothers,other,others与anothertheother表示“特指两个或两部分中的另一个或另一部分”,后接单数名词或复数名词。表示两个中的“一个......又一个......”时,常用的结构是“one...theother...”Hehastwobrothers,oneisateacher,theotherisadoctor.theothers特指某一范围内的“其它的(人或物)”,是theother的复数形式。相当于theother+复数名词。Youtaostayhere,theothersgowithme.other作代词或形容词,可修饰可数名词单数或复数。WelearnChinese,Math,Englishandothersubjects.others作代词,泛指“其它的人或物”Somestudentsaredoinghomework,othersaretalkingloudly.another泛指同类事物
10. 八年级上册词语辨析
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