精品解析:2022年新高考全国一卷英语真题(解析版)

2023-10-27 · U3 上传 · 20页 · 62.8 K

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试卷共10页,满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力,选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始,试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案,答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如高改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液,不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁:考试结束后,将试卷和符题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays(60%)Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.GroupAssignments(30%)Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作业)duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytocompleteshortin-classwritingsortestsdrawndirectlyfromassignedreadingsornotesfromthepreviousclass'lecture/discussion,soitisimportanttotakecarefulnotesduringclass.Additionally,fromtimetotimeIwillassigngroupworktobecompletedinclassorshortassignmentstobecompletedathome,bothofwhichwillbegraded.LateWorkAnessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.Dailyassignmentsnotcompletedduringclasswillgetazero.Shortwritingsmissedasaresultofanexcusedabsencewillbeaccepted.1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Anexampaper. C.Acourseplan. D.Anacademicarticle.2.Howmanypartsisastudent’sfinalgrademadeupof?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.3.Whatwillhappenifyousubmitanessayoneweekaftertheduedate?A.Youwillreceiveazero. B.Youwilllosealettergrade.C.Youwillbegivenatest. D.Youwillhavetorewriteit.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题“GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiterature(文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays(60%)部分“Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeofforthiscourse(你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知,文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法,可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays(60%)”、“GroupAssignments(30%)”和“DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupsWork/Homework(10%)”可知,学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“LateWork”部分“Ifitisnotturnedinbythe4thdayaftertheduedate,itwillearnazero.(如果没有在截止日期后的第4天上交,将会得到零分)”可知,如果在截止日期后一周才交文章,你将会得零分。故选A项。BLikemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,”asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth’scoverstory.It’sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from“ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”Ifthat’shardtounderstand,let’skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime—butforhim,it'smorelike12bonesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.Suchmethodsseemobviousyetsooftenwejustdon’tthink.“Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon’teat,”Curtinsays.4.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste. B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat. D.Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.5.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetest?A.Moraldecline. B.Environmentalharm.C.Energyshortage. D.Worldwidestarvation.6.WhatdoesCurtin’scompanydo?A.Itproduceskitchenequipment. B.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.C.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits. D.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.7.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?A.Buyonlywhatisneeded. B.Reducefoodconsumption.CGoshoppingonceaweek. D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.(像我们大多数人一样,我努力关注那些被浪费的食物)”及“Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;couldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.(但随着时间的推移,芝麻菜变坏了。更糟糕的是,我不假思索地买了太多东西;我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知,作者想通过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物。故选

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